火huo電dian廠chang煤mei粉fen鍋guo爐lu經jing常chang由you於yu各ge種zhong原yuan因yin發fa生sheng鍋guo爐lu主zhu燃ran料liao跳tiao閘zha故gu障zhang,使shi正zheng常chang運yun行xing被bei迫po中zhong斷duan,嚴yan重zhong影ying響xiang了le機ji組zu鍋guo爐lu的de安an全quan經jing濟ji運yun行xing。煤mei粉fen鍋guo爐lu主zhu燃ran料liao跳tiao閘zha保bao護hu設she置zhi一yi般ban有you多duo項xiang,根gen據ju燃ran燒shao方fang式shi以yi及ji設she備bei特te點dian的de不bu同tong,為wei了le防fang止zhi煤mei粉fen爆bao炸zha損sun壞huai設she備bei,其qi中zhong一yi般ban都dou會hui設she置zhi有you爐lu膛tang壓ya力li以yi及ji全quan爐lu膛tang火huo焰yan喪sang失shi兩liang項xiang保bao護hu功gong能neng。依yi據ju首shou發fa記ji憶yi和he運yun行xing數shu據ju,對dui於yu一yi般ban鍋guo爐lu故gu障zhang,能neng夠gou很hen容rong易yi的de發fa現xian原yuan因yin,富fu通tong新xin能neng源yuan生sheng產chan銷xiao售shou
生物質鍋爐,生物質鍋爐主要燃燒
木屑顆粒機、
秸稈顆粒機、
秸稈壓塊機壓製的生物質成型顆粒燃料。
1、設備及運行概況
某火電廠600MW發電機組,燃燒的方式為前後牆對衝燃燒,前牆和後牆各分置三層軸向旋流燃燒器,每層配備5隻,總共是30隻。在最上麵的煤層燃燒器的上方,前後牆都分置一層燃燼風口,每層布置5隻,一共10隻。每隻燃燒器配有1隻油槍,作用每隻燃燒器配有1隻油槍,作用是點火和助燃。前牆的5隻煤粉燃燒器已將中心管內的計是5台運行,1台留作備用,每個磨煤機供一層的5隻燃燒器。此外,鍋爐的本身還配置了98隻爐膛吹滅器,64隻長伸縮式吹灰器。機組鍋爐采用的是固態排渣的方式,排渣係統采用刮板式的撈渣機。
2、運行異常的分析及處理
鍋爐於2007年投產後一直運行穩定,燃燒工況正常,但是1年之後,鍋爐機組發生了異常主燃料跳閘事故。l號機組負荷485MW,總共有lA、IB、1C、ID、lE、1F6台磨煤機運行,總煤量230th,滿足2/5煤火檢無火的跳磨條件後,lBmomeijifashengguzhang,suihouqiyumomeijixiangjitingzhiyunxing,shoufayuanyinshiquanlutanghuoyansangshi。genjuyunxinggongzuorenyuandehuibao,tiaoluqiangeranshaoqihuojianzhengchang。lutangyaliwending,meiyoudadebodong。zaimeiyoujinxingrenhecaozuodeqingkuangxia,shouxiantiaozhademomeijilenghuishuifengcaoyouzhashuiyichu。
在對運行故障進行檢查和分析之後,總結導致故障產生的原因有:(1)造成lB磨(mo)煤(mei)機(ji)跳(tiao)閘(zha)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)原(yuan)因(yin)是(shi)灰(hui)渣(zha)落(luo)入(ru)渣(zha)池(chi)中(zhong)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)水(shui)蒸(zheng)氣(qi)遮(zhe)掩(yan)了(le)部(bu)分(fen)火(huo)檢(jian),這(zhe)也(ye)是(shi)主(zhu)燃(ran)料(liao)跳(tiao)閘(zha)事(shi)故(gu)的(de)主(zhu)因(yin)。所(suo)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)煤(mei)種(zhong)中(zhong),魚(yu)河(he)煤(mei)的(de)灰(hui)熔(rong)點(dian)太(tai)低(di),燃(ran)燒(shao)器(qi)周(zhou)圍(wei)產(chan)生(sheng)結(jie)渣(zha)現(xian)象(xiang),大(da)量(liang)灰(hui)渣(zha)落(luo)入(ru)渣(zha)池(chi),瞬(shun)間(jian)產(chan)生(sheng)大(da)量(liang)蒸(zheng)汽(qi),部(bu)分(fen)火(huo)檢(jian)被(bei)水(shui)蒸(zheng)氣(qi)遮(zhe)擋(dang),火(huo)檢(jian)信(xin)號(hao)減(jian)弱(ruo),導(dao)致(zhi)磨(mo)煤(mei)機(ji)跳(tiao)閘(zha)。(2)煤粉濃度不足。煤粉濃度不足造成穩燃工況脆弱,分配到每隻燃燒器的煤量較少,煤粉濃度較低,受到微小擾動,就會發生跳閘故障。(3)火(huo)檢(jian)調(tiao)試(shi)不(bu)足(zu)。跳(tiao)磨(mo)順(shun)序(xu)依(yi)據(ju)字(zi)母(mu)排(pai)序(xu),推(tui)測(ce)可(ke)知(zhi),火(huo)檢(jian)可(ke)能(neng)存(cun)在(zai)偷(tou)看(kan)問(wen)題(ti),可(ke)能(neng)發(fa)生(sheng)一(yi)側(ce)火(huo)檢(jian)強(qiang)度(du)疊(die)加(jia)另(ling)一(yi)側(ce)火(huo)檢(jian)強(qiang)度(du)。一(yi)側(ce)減(jian)弱(ruo),另(ling)一(yi)側(ce)也(ye)減(jian)弱(ruo),再(zai)加(jia)上(shang)使(shi)用(yong)劣(lie)質(zhi)煤(mei)或(huo)者(zhe)燃(ran)燒(shao)不(bu)穩(wen)定(ding),就(jiu)會(hui)發(fa)生(sheng)跳(tiao)磨(mo)事(shi)故(gu)。(4)燃ran燒shao不bu穩wen定ding,入ru爐lu煤mei質zhi差cha,著zhe火huo性xing能neng不bu佳jia是shi另ling外wai一yi個ge原yuan因yin。煤mei的de灰hui分fen過guo高gao,揮hui發fa分fen低di,穩wen燃ran工gong況kuang相xiang對dui脆cui弱ruo,很hen容rong易yi引yin發fa局ju部bu熄xi火huo並bing導dao致zhi全quan爐lu膛tang熄xi火huo。IB磨滅機首先跳閘之後,部分燃燒器的一次風速瞬間增大,導致噴口脫火,形成爐膛小正壓,衝擊了爐內的穩燃工況。
在異常的處理問題上,我們采用了以下方式:(1)嚴(yan)格(ge)把(ba)握(wo)入(ru)場(chang)煤(mei)質(zhi)量(liang)關(guan)。堅(jian)決(jue)杜(du)絕(jue)低(di)質(zhi)煤(mei)進(jin)場(chang),製(zhi)定(ding)入(ru)爐(lu)煤(mei)質(zhi)標(biao)準(zhun),完(wan)善(shan)配(pei)煤(mei)措(cuo)施(shi)。盡(jin)量(liang)克(ke)服(fu)缺(que)少(shao)摻(chan)配(pei)設(she)備(bei)及(ji)手(shou)段(duan)的(de)問(wen)題(ti),努(nu)力(li)提(ti)高(gao)入(ru)爐(lu)煤(mei)的(de)質(zhi)量(liang),一(yi)定(ding)要(yao)做(zuo)到(dao)煤(mei)質(zhi)的(de)穩(wen)定(ding)與(yu)均(jun)衡(heng)。如(ru)果(guo)萬(wan)一(yi)發(fa)生(sheng)煤(mei)質(zhi)異(yi)常(chang)的(de)情(qing)況(kuang),也(ye)要(yao)及(ji)時(shi)通(tong)知(zhi)操(cao)控(kong)人(ren)員(yuan),及(ji)時(shi)製(zhi)定(ding)應(ying)對(dui)措(cuo)施(shi)。(2)合理安排磨煤機的運行方式。根據煤的質量以及機組的負荷情況,維持合理的煤粉入爐濃度,可以有效提高燃燒的經濟和穩定性。(3)調tiao整zheng燃ran燒shao器qi配pei風feng的de比bi例li,減jian小xiao結jie渣zha的de程cheng度du,降jiang低di了le渣zha池chi的de水shui溫wen,這zhe樣yang可ke以yi有you效xiao減jian緩huan蒸zheng汽qi對dui磨mo煤mei機ji進jin行xing的de衝chong擊ji,把ba磨mo煤mei機ji跳tiao閘zha的de概gai率lv大da大da減jian小xiao。
3、對機組鍋爐的係統改造
為wei了le保bao障zhang鍋guo爐lu的de安an全quan穩wen定ding的de運yun行xing,分fen析xi了le主zhu要yao產chan生sheng故gu障zhang的de原yuan因yin,除chu了le煤mei質zhi本ben身shen的de原yuan因yin之zhi外wai,主zhu要yao就jiu是shi火huo檢jian係xi統tong的de原yuan因yin,結jie合he實shi際ji情qing況kuang,對dui火huo檢jian係xi統tong提ti出chu以yi下xia改gai進jin措cuo施shi。
(1)改gai進jin火huo焰yan火huo檢jian裝zhuang置zhi。火huo檢jian火huo焰yan裝zhuang置zhi改gai進jin之zhi後hou由you火huo檢jian探tan頭tou以yi及ji數shu字zi模mo件jian組zu成cheng,模mo件jian位wei於yu模mo件jian箱xiang中zhong,一yi般ban是shi通tong過guo手shou操cao器qi對dui模mo件jian進jin行xing設she置zhi調tiao整zheng。火huo焰yan脈mai動dong信xin號hao被bei探tan頭tou檢jian測ce到dao之zhi後hou由you同tong軸zhou電dian纜lan送song到dao模mo件jian箱xiang,模mo件jian處chu理li完wan信xin號hao之zhi後hou形xing成cheng開kai關guan通tong量liang傳chuan遞di給geiDCS係統。(2)huojiantantoudeyouhuasheji。yongguangdianzujianlaijinxingguangdianzhuanhuan,guangdianzujianzaitantouweibu,chuyuhuanjingzhizhong,guangdianzujiannenggoushihexinyuanjianbaochizaizuijiagongzuozhuangtai,baozhengguangdiantexing,zengqiangtancehuoyandenengli。shejihelidetongfengjiegou,shiguangdianchi、guangxianjiwujingnenggoudedaozugoudelengque。weilebianyuxianchangdeanzhuangyuchaixie,yinggaizuochengkaifangshidewulijiegou。caiyongtongzhoudianlanchuanshuxinhaokeyibaozhengyigegaoshuipingdekangganraonengli。tujingyuguangdaoxianweicaiguangdianyinggaijingquesheji,yitigaotantoudejianhuonenglihejianhuojiaodu。weileshihuojianyizhibaochizaizuijiadekanhuojiaodu,yinggaishiyongshexingruanguanhutao,keyishiyingranshaoqidebaidong。zuihouduiyuhuojiantantoujiushiyaoyouyigelianghaodemifeng,zheyangjiuhuigenghaodeshiyingguolulutangneigaofenchendegongzuohuanjing。(4)數字信號處理模件。為了跟蹤和判斷火焰的燃燒情況,應用數字模件對探頭采集的信號放大、jisuanhouxingchengbiaoshihuoyanliangduhemaidongqiangdudexinhao。biaoshihuoyanzhexiedexinxikeyiyimojianyejingpingshuzihuozheboxingdefangshixianshichulai,haikeyiheshangweijijinxingtongxin,feichangyouliganbutonggongkuanghebutongmeizhiqingkuangxiaranshaoqingkuangdefenxi。duimojiandetiaozhengshezhicaiyongshoudongcaozuolaishixian,tigaoleshezhijingdu,shicaozuobiandejiandanhefangbiankexing。
4、結語
guolujizuzuoweihuodianqiyedezhongyaodonglishebei,qianquanwendingyunxingshiwomenguanzhudezhongdian。youyuzhongzhongyuanyin,jingchanghuichuxianyixieyunxingyichangheguzhang,zhejiuxuyaowomenjingchangjiluzongjie,jishifaxianwenti,renzhensikaochanshengguzhangdeyuanyin,buduantigaoyingduishigudenengli。benwenjiushijiyuzheyangderenshi,duiyunxingyichangjinxinglefenxihezongjie,weiqiyebimianjiaodadejingjisunshizuochulegongxian。
相關生物質鍋爐顆粒機產品:
1、
生物質壁爐
2、
秸稈顆粒機
3、
木屑顆粒機