長距離膠帶輸送機均jun配pei有you軟ruan性xing張zhang緊jin裝zhuang置zhi，以yi使shi膠jiao帶dai在zai啟qi停ting和he運yun行xing中zhong保bao持chi一yi定ding的de張zhang緊jin力li，以yi及ji防fang止zhi打da滑hua和he額e外wai衝chong擊ji，同tong時shi對dui驅qu動dong設she備bei起qi保bao護hu作zuo用yong。目mu前qian，廣guang泛fan使shi用yong的de軟ruan性xing張zhang緊jin裝zhuang置zhi主zhu要yao有you水shui平ping小xiao車che式shi重zhong錘chui張zhang緊jin和he垂chui直zhi導dao軌gui式shi重zhong錘chui張zhang緊jin兩liang種zhong。    在(zai)輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)運(yun)行(xing)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)輸(shu)送(song)膠(jiao)帶(dai)發(fa)生(sheng)意(yi)外(wai)斷(duan)裂(lie)時(shi)
，這(zhe)種(zhong)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)張(zhang)緊(jin)重(zhong)錘(chui)會(hui)迅(xun)速(su)下(xia)墜(zhui)
，撞(zhuang)擊(ji)並(bing)破(po)壞(huai)地(di)麵(mian)基(ji)礎(chu)或(huo)結(jie)構(gou)平(ping)台(tai)，造(zao)成(cheng)重(zhong)錘(chui)張(zhang)緊(jin)滑(hua)道(dao)框(kuang)架(jia)變(bian)形(xing)、水平小車脫軌、改(gai)向(xiang)滾(gun)筒(tong)損(sun)壞(huai)等(deng)重(zhong)大(da)機(ji)損(sun)事(shi)故(gu)，甚(shen)至(zhi)影(ying)響(xiang)人(ren)身(shen)安(an)全(quan)，同(tong)時(shi)笨(ben)重(zhong)的(de)結(jie)構(gou)和(he)配(pei)重(zhong)給(gei)維(wei)修(xiu)工(gong)作(zuo)增(zeng)加(jia)許(xu)多(duo)困(kun)難(nan)。寧(ning)波(bo)北(bei)侖(lun)港(gang)鐵(tie)礦(kuang)中(zhong)轉(zhuan)碼(ma)頭(tou)的(de)堆(dui)場(chang)膠(jiao)帶(dai)輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)，曾(zeng)因(yin)膠(jiao)帶(dai)接(jie)頭(tou)突(tu)然(ran)斷(duan)裂(lie)，重(zhong)錘(chui)張(zhang)緊(jin)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)下(xia)墜(zhui)而(er)損(sun)壞(huai)張(zhang)緊(jin)滑(hua)道(dao)框(kuang)架(jia)
；水shui平ping小xiao車che出chu軌gui後hou改gai向xiang滾gun筒tong與yu鋼gang結jie構gou碰peng撞zhuang
，造zao成cheng改gai向xiang滾gun筒tong軸zhou承cheng座zuo粉fen碎sui
，軸zhou承cheng報bao廢fei，小xiao車che軌gui道dao變bian形xing。一yi些xie企qi業ye也ye曾zeng采cai取qu用yong幾ji根gen鋼gang絲si繩sheng把ba下xia墜zhui的de張zhang緊jin配pei重zhong拉la住zhu的de辦ban法fa
，避bi免mian發fa生sheng機ji損sun事shi故gu。但dan是shi膠jiao帶dai在zai使shi用yong時shi有you自zi然ran伸shen長chang，需xu要yao經jing常chang調tiao節jie鋼gang絲si繩sheng的de長chang度du
，否fou則ze會hui由you於yu膠jiao帶dai張zhang緊jin力li不bu夠gou而er影ying響xiang輸shu送song機ji的de正zheng常chang工gong作zuo。
    ningbojinguangliangyoumatoucangchuyouxiangongsimuqianzhengzaishiyongyizhongquanxindezhongchuizhangjinzhuangzhi。zhezhongzhuangzhishezhileyigefangzhizhongchuixiazhuidejigou，erqieweizhangjinguntongpeizhilehuanchongqi，dadajianqingleguntongzaidaoguishangxiayidongshiliangduandezhouchenghezhouchengzuosuoshoudechongjizaihe
，jibenkefuleputongzhongchuizhangjinzhuangzhidebibing。
1、結構組成
    如圖1所示，此種重錘式張緊裝置主要由張緊裝置框架、張緊改向滾筒、彈簧緩衝器、偏pian心xin製zhi動dong輪lun等deng部bu件jian組zu成cheng。張zhang緊jin裝zhuang置zhi框kuang架jia本ben身shen包bao含han一yi個ge能neng供gong滾gun筒tong上shang下xia滑hua動dong的de滾gun筒tong滑hua槽cao
，並bing在zai安an裝zhuang滾gun筒tong的de鋼gang結jie構gou上shang平ping麵mian裝zhuang有you兩liang個ge彈dan簧huang緩huan衝chong器qi，配pei重zhong塊kuai重zhong量liang不bu直zhi接jie作zuo用yong在zai滾gun筒tong軸zhou上shang。偏pian心xin製zhi動dong輪lun通tong過guo傳chuan動dong連lian杆gan與yu張zhang緊jin滾gun筒tong的de鋼gang結jie構gou平ping台tai連lian接jie（圖中的裝運連杆必須在安裝結束時拆掉

，以免影響張緊裝置的正常工作）。
2、緩衝原理
    如圖1所示
，膠帶是通過張緊改向滾筒來實現膠帶張緊的。張緊力的大小取決於配重塊的重量、張zhang緊jin裝zhuang置zhi框kuang架jia重zhong量liang以yi及ji滾gun筒tong的de重zhong量liang
，根gen據ju膠jiao帶dai重zhong載zai時shi的de所suo需xu驅qu動dong力li來lai選xuan擇ze。本ben裝zhuang置zhi中zhong安an裝zhuang了le兩liang個ge彈dan簧huang緩huan衝chong器qi，並bing且qie在zai框kuang架jia結jie構gou中zhong又you允yun許xu張zhang緊jin改gai向xiang滾gun筒tong作zuo上shang下xia滑hua動dong。當dang輸shu送song機ji工gong作zuo時shi，重zhong錘chui張zhang緊jin裝zhuang置zhi沿yan滑hua軌gui整zheng體ti下xia滑hua，但dan是shi張zhang緊jin裝zhuang置zhi框kuang架jia上shang的de重zhong量liang（包括配重）通tong過guo彈dan簧huang緩huan衝chong器qi傳chuan遞di後hou才cai作zuo用yong在zai滾gun筒tong軸zhou上shang，所suo以yi滾gun筒tong相xiang對dui框kuang架jia的de上shang下xia移yi動dong和he緩huan衝chong器qi彈dan簧huang的de間jian接jie加jia載zai
，對dui張zhang緊jin滾gun筒tong的de軸zhou承cheng和he軸zhou承cheng座zuo均jun起qi到dao積ji極ji的de保bao護hu作zuo用yong。對dui於yu長chang距ju離li、大da功gong率lv的de膠jiao帶dai輸shu送song機ji，張zhang緊jin裝zhuang置zhi的de重zhong量liang可ke達da十shi幾ji噸dun。通tong過guo這zhe種zhong緩huan衝chong作zuo用yong
，可ke大da大da改gai善shan滾gun筒tong和he軸zhou承cheng的de載zai荷he情qing況kuang，對dui延yan長chang設she備bei的de使shi用yong壽shou命ming十shi分fen有you利li。
3、緊急製動原理
    weilefangzhizhongchuizhangjinzhuangzhixunsuxiazhui
，zaizhezhongxindejiegouzhonganzhuanglianggepianxinzhidonglun。dangjiaodaituranduanlieshi，zhangjinzhuangzhihuishunzhehuaguixiahua，danshitongguozhidonglunyudaoguideshache
，zhangjinzhuangzhijiketingzhixiazhuibingxuanguazaidaoguishang，zhenggeguochengkeyifenlianggejieduan。
    1)youyuzaishejishangkaolvlezhangjingaixiangguntongyuzhangjinzhuangzhikuangjiazhijiandexiangduiyidong
，zhegeishachejigoudedongzuochuangzaoletiaojian。dangjiaodaituranduanlieshi，antongchangqingkuang，guntongjiqianzhuangpingtaishouxianxiazhui，yucitongshitongguolianggenchuandongliangandaidongpianxinzhidonglunjinxingshache。rutu2所示
，偏心輪有鋸齒形外緣，導軌內表麵安裝了一條製動帶，一旦輪緣與導軌上的製動帶相觸就帶動偏心輪順時針（另一側是逆時針）旋轉
，使輪子與導軌互相咬合
，從而初步實現了重錘張緊裝置的緊急製動。
    2)緊(jin)接(jie)上(shang)述(shu)動(dong)作(zuo)
，利(li)用(yong)滾(gun)筒(tong)與(yu)張(zhang)緊(jin)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)框(kuang)架(jia)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)相(xiang)對(dui)滑(hua)動(dong)空(kong)間(jian)
，框(kuang)架(jia)結(jie)構(gou)整(zheng)體(ti)下(xia)墜(zhui)時(shi)追(zhui)上(shang)滾(gun)筒(tong)平(ping)台(tai)，張(zhang)緊(jin)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)框(kuang)架(jia)和(he)配(pei)重(zhong)塊(kuai)的(de)重(zhong)量(liang)通(tong)過(guo)兩(liang)個(ge)緩(huan)衝(chong)器(qi)傳(chuan)遞(di)到(dao)滾(gun)筒(tong)平(ping)台(tai)，於(yu)是(shi)又(you)通(tong)過(guo)傳(chuan)動(dong)連(lian)杆(gan)進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)下(xia)拉(la)偏(pian)心(xin)輪(lun)。經(jing)過(guo)上(shang)述(shu)動(dong)載(zai)荷(he)作(zuo)用(yong)，偏(pian)心(xin)輪(lun)與(yu)導(dao)軌(gui)製(zhi)動(dong)帶(dai)徹(che)底(di)卡(ka)牢(lao)

，重(zhong)錘(chui)張(zhang)緊(jin)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)最(zui)終(zhong)實(shi)現(xian)了(le)自(zi)身(shen)的(de)緊(jin)急(ji)製(zhi)動(dong)，排(pai)除(chu)了(le)迅(xun)速(su)下(xia)墜(zhui)的(de)可(ke)能(neng)。
    綜上所述，這種重錘張緊裝置的特點是，其具有的兩個重要保護功能均與其結構中存在的相對運動分不開。另外
，相對運動所需的空間、緩huan衝chong器qi的de大da小xiao以yi及ji偏pian心xin輪lun與yu導dao軌gui之zhi間jian的de間jian隙xi也ye是shi十shi分fen重zhong要yao的de依yi據ju。這zhe些xie必bi須xu根gen據ju膠jiao帶dai輸shu送song機ji各ge自zi的de特te點dian進jin行xing合he理li設she計ji，否fou則ze起qi不bu到dao刹sha車che作zuo用yong，那na就jiu與yu一yi般ban的de重zhong錘chui張zhang緊jin裝zhuang置zhi沒mei什shen麼me區qu別bie了le。
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