由於薄煤層的特點,滾筒直徑的選擇要小,由此帶來了一係列問題。要使滾筒裝煤達到良好效果,必須解決以下的技術問題。
1.1滾筒直徑、過煤高度、臥底量對裝煤效果的影響。
薄(bo)煤(mei)層(ceng)開(kai)采(cai)需(xu)要(yao)采(cai)煤(mei)機(ji)滾(gun)筒(tong)直(zhi)徑(jing)小(xiao),但(dan)滾(gun)筒(tong)減(jian)小(xiao)後(hou)其(qi)螺(luo)旋(xuan)葉(ye)片(pian)高(gao)度(du)降(jiang)低(di),同(tong)時(shi),由(you)於(yu)薄(bo)煤(mei)機(ji)組(zu)割(ge)底(di)矸(gan)的(de)機(ji)會(hui)較(jiao)大(da),要(yao)求(qiu)其(qi)截(jie)割(ge)頭(tou)強(qiang)度(du)較(jiao)高(gao),不(bu)能(neng)通(tong)過(guo)減(jian)小(xiao)行(xing)星(xing)頭(tou)截(jie)割(ge)頭(tou)(即輪轂)直徑的途徑提高葉片高度,由於螺旋葉片高度降低(與中厚煤層大直徑相比)使螺旋葉片對煤的推移麵積(即迎煤麵積)減少,造成裝煤非常困難。另外,由於輸送機本身的高度和保證一定臥底量的要求(一般要求不小於100mrn),yujiaodideluoxuanyepiangaoduxingchengxianmingdemaodun,zhinengtongguogaibianguntongdejiegoufangshilaijiejue。weicijingfenxiheshijian,caiyongyibiancuoshijinxinggaijinhejiejue。diyi,guntongjiegezhijingbubiandeqingkuangxia,gaibianluoxuanyepiandegaodu;第二,改變滾筒螺旋葉片和截齒座安裝形式;第三,對采煤機搖臂結構形式提出特殊設計要求,即滾筒落下時搖臂下沿和輸送機上沿之間仍有一定的距離(即過煤空間),如ru果guo輪lun轂gu低di於yu輸shu送song機ji時shi,葉ye片pian推tui動dong的de煤mei流liu被bei輸shu送song機ji側ce麵mian阻zu擋dang,無wu法fa拋pao人ren輸shu送song機ji上shang麵mian,所suo以yi該gai距ju離li製zhi約yue裝zhuang煤mei效xiao果guo。通tong過guo認ren真zhen分fen析xi上shang述shu相xiang互hu關guan聯lian相xiang互hu製zhi約yue因yin素su,對dui滾gun筒tong直zhi徑jing和he結jie構gou形xing式shi、輸送機高度、過煤空間、搖臂結構形式進行了綜合的考慮,達到了有利於裝煤的效果。
1.2滾筒的轉速與滾筒裝煤效果關係。
滾gun筒tong轉zhuan速su較jiao高gao,滾gun筒tong的de線xian速su度du越yue大da,在zai裝zhuang煤mei的de過guo程cheng中zhong,煤mei被bei沿yan切qie線xian方fang向xiang拋pao出chu,不bu利li於yu裝zhuang煤mei,而er滾gun筒tong轉zhuan速su較jiao低di時shi,滾gun筒tong的de線xian速su度du小xiao,在zai滾gun筒tong旋xuan轉zhuan過guo程cheng中zhong,煤mei被bei拋pao向xiang輸shu送song機ji的de分fen速su度du減jian小xiao,使shi之zhi不bu能neng拋pao向xiang輸shu送song機ji上shang麵mian,也ye不bu利li於yu裝zhuang煤mei。同tong時shi螺luo旋xuan角jiao度du過guo大da時shi,煤mei也ye易yi被bei沿yan切qie線xian方fang向xiang拋pao出chu,角jiao度du過guo小xiao時shi,煤mei被bei拋pao向xiang輸shu送song機ji方fang向xiang的de速su度du減jian小xiao,能neng拋pao向xiang輸shu送song機ji上shang麵mian,也ye不bu利li於yu裝zhuang煤mei,因yin此ci,滾gun筒tong轉zhuan速su和he螺luo旋xuan升sheng角jiao技ji術shu參can數shu相xiang互hu關guan聯lian,隻zhi有you選xuan擇ze合he理li,才cai能neng達da到dao良liang好hao的de裝zhuang煤mei效xiao果guo。
1.3滾筒裝煤與滾筒結構的關係。
滾筒的裝煤工作是靠滾筒上的葉片結構來完成的,葉片的結構形式是解決裝煤的關鍵因素:第一,選擇合理的螺旋葉片角:第二,加大葉片尾翼板的外張角,改變煤離開葉片時拋出的分速度和拋出角度,即彌補了葉片較低的不利因素):第三,在滾筒直徑不變的情況下增加葉片高度,即增加葉片對裝煤的包容麵積;第di四si,改gai變bian截jie齒chi齒chi座zuo在zai葉ye片pian上shang的de固gu定ding結jie構gou,使shi截jie齒chi側ce麵mian與yu葉ye片pian的de迎ying煤mei麵mian形xing成cheng一yi個ge平ping麵mian,減jian小xiao葉ye片pian對dui煤mei的de摩mo擦ca阻zu力li。以yi上shang備bei項xiang均jun能neng夠gou起qi到dao改gai善shan滾gun筒tong裝zhuang煤mei效xiao果guo的de目mu的de。
2、優化裝備配套,降低采煤高度
在薄煤層綜采機械化裝備配套中,機身高度、輸送機高度與過煤高度的選擇是薄煤層最低開采高度的決定因素。機身高度即采煤機上平麵到地平麵的高度:過煤高度是指輸送機中板到采煤機機身下平麵的高度,是煤流及矸石通過的空間;機麵高度取決於輸送機高度、過煤高度與采煤機機身厚度。薄煤層采煤機為了降低機身高度,采用去掉底托架、jishengebujianjianyonglaganxiangliandejiegou,quguilungaibiantuchujishenbuzhi,congerdadaojiangdijishenhoududemude。shusongjigaoduzaixuanzeshi,caiyongzhuzaofengdijiegou,lianhuanxingshiweizhongshuanglian,duiguabanjizhongbucaojiegoujinxingleteshusheji,yeshiqigaodudadajiangdi。caimeijiheshusongjiyijingxuanding,houduhegaoduwufagaibian,zhiyouxuanzehelideguomeigaodu,cainengshijimiangaodujinyibujiangdi。guomeigaodudexuanze,yaotongguoduimeikuaiheganshikuaidudaxiaodetongjilaixuanze,baozhengqicongcaimeijishenxiashunlitongguo。zhiyouzheyang,cainengshipeitaohoudejimiangaodujiangdaozuidi,congerbaozhengpeitaoshebeidadaozuidicaimeigaodudeyaoqiu。
3、薄煤層輸送機對裝備配套的要求
用(yong)於(yu)薄(bo)煤(mei)層(ceng)的(de)輸(shu)送(song)機(ji),有(you)著(zhe)與(yu)中(zhong)厚(hou)煤(mei)層(ceng)輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)特(te)點(dian)。這(zhe)就(jiu)要(yao)求(qiu)中(zhong)部(bu)槽(cao)要(yao)低(di),由(you)於(yu)采(cai)煤(mei)機(ji)機(ji)身(shen)厚(hou)度(du)變(bian)薄(bo),從(cong)而(er)使(shi)機(ji)身(shen)寬(kuan)度(du)加(jia)大(da),這(zhe)又(you)要(yao)求(qiu)輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)的(de)寬(kuan)度(du)相(xiang)應(ying)增(zeng)加(jia),保(bao)證(zheng)輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)的(de)縱(zong)向(xiang)重(zhong)心(xin)線(xian)與(yu)采(cai)煤(mei)機(ji)重(zhong)心(xin)線(xian)相(xiang)吻(wen)合(he),否(fou)則(ze),采(cai)煤(mei)機(ji)割(ge)煤(mei)或(huo)矸(gan)石(shi)時(shi),產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)震(zhen)動(dong)會(hui)使(shi)配(pei)套(tao)設(she)備(bei)丁(ding)作(zuo)不(bu)穩(wen)定(ding)。另(ling)外(wai),輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)的(de)加(jia)寬(kuan)需(xu)要(yao)解(jie)決(jue)以(yi)下(xia)問(wen)題(ti):第一,在電纜架滿足存放電纜水管的前提下,結構盡可能低且窄,以增加行人空間;第二,由於電纜架也需要降低,要防止支架底座非正常情況下與電纜架幹涉;第三,支架設計時頂梁相應加長;第四,支架底座的設計時要較薄;第五,支架上操縱閥的設置要為增加行人空間提供便利。
4、薄煤層對采煤機的要求
薄(bo)煤(mei)層(ceng)對(dui)采(cai)煤(mei)機(ji)除(chu)了(le)降(jiang)低(di)厚(hou)度(du)要(yao)求(qiu)外(wai),還(hai)要(yao)求(qiu)整(zheng)機(ji)長(chang)度(du)應(ying)盡(jin)可(ke)能(neng)縮(suo)短(duan),以(yi)適(shi)應(ying)工(gong)作(zuo)麵(mian)高(gao)低(di)起(qi)伏(fu)的(de)條(tiao)件(jian),同(tong)時(shi)也(ye)是(shi)為(wei)了(le)保(bao)證(zheng)配(pei)套(tao)裝(zhuang)備(bei)的(de)最(zui)低(di)工(gong)作(zuo)高(gao)度(du)。另(ling)外(wai),由(you)於(yu)薄(bo)煤(mei)層(ceng)賦(fu)存(cun)條(tiao)件(jian)變(bian)化(hua)較(jiao)大(da)(斷層、夾矸、變薄帶較多),薄煤層采煤機截割堅硬矸石的機會比中厚煤層要多,帶來的震動、chongjiyeyaobizhonghoumeicengpinfanhejulie,yinci,duizhengjidejiegoutichulegengqianggenggaodeyaoqiu,jiemeibudejiegouqiangduyujiegegonglvyaoqiujiaogao,caimeijiyaoyoujiaogaodezhengtijiegouqiangduhewendingxing,yimanzubomeicengkaicaidetedian。zaijiaobomeicengdezhuangbeipeitaojishiyongguochengzhong,womenduigeshebeixingnengcanshuhepeitaocanshujinxingleyouhua,shibomeicengdezuixiaocaimeigaodudadao1.2m,使滾筒的裝煤效率由改前的50%提高到改後的90%。



