中石油蘭州石化公司催化劑廠兩套分子篩中的3000t/agaixingfenzishaizhuangzhicaiyongerjiaoerbeishengchangongyi，qizhongchaowenbeishaoxitongshebeishixinxingchaowenzhayouliehuacuihuajishengchanzhuangzhidehexinshebei。raner，zheliangtaofenzishaizijianchengyilaicunzaizhetingjishigupinfan、生產能力達不到設計值、係xi統tong物wu料liao輸shu送song不bu暢chang以yi及ji焙bei燒shao爐lu給gei料liao不bu均jun等deng問wen題ti。這zhe些xie問wen題ti一yi直zhi製zhi約yue著zhe該gai裝zhuang置zhi的de正zheng常chang生sheng產chan和he產chan量liang提ti高gao。為wei此ci，需xu對dui該gai超chao穩wen焙bei燒shao係xi統tong進jin行xing技ji術shu改gai造zao，以yi期qi達da到dao提ti高gao產chan量liang和he穩wen定ding生sheng產chan的de目mu的de。
1、超穩焙燒係統
超穩焙燒係統的工藝流程如圖1所示。該超穩焙燒係統中的主要設備有槳葉幹燥烘幹機、lutoujinliaojiaolonghebeishaoludeng。qizhongjiangyeganzaohongganjidezuoyongshituochufenzishaidebufenshuifen，jianqingbeishaoxitongshuifenzhengfafuhe，shibeishaochulinenglidaweitigao，congergaishanlechanpindezhiliang；焙燒爐為轉爐結構，焙燒過程主要是使分子篩發生脫氨、脫鋁、脫羥基、矽遷移、結構重排等反應，並使部分Al-0 - Al骨架被Si-0一Si骨架取代，從而使晶胞收縮，矽鋁比提高，結構穩定性改善，此外還可使Na+由難於交換的位置遷移至易被交換的位置。
2、存在問題及改進
2.1槳葉幹燥烘幹機
jiangyeganzaohongganjidehexinbujianweirezhouzhuanzi，shejishiyinkaolvdaofenzishaishiliaodezhanxingjiaoda，danxinzaiganzaoguochengzhongfashengwuliaozhanbixianxiang，qirezhouzhuanzishejiweixiexingjiegou，yibianshiwuliaozaiganzaoguochengzhongjuyouyidingdefanliaotexing，ranerfenzishaiwuliaoweidanxingti，gaishebeizitouruyunxinghou，ganzaonenglishangyouyidingdefuyuliang，erwuliaodeshusongliangqueshizhongweinengdadaoshejizhi。
weiletigaojiangyeganzaohongganjidesongliaonengli，tongchangcaiyongzengjiaganzaohongganjideqingxiejiaoduyijitigaoganzaohongganjirezhouzhuansulaishixian。youyushouzhuangzhijianzhuwuxianzhi，bunengcaiyongzengjiashebeiqingjiaodefangfa。ruocaiyongtigaorezhouzhuansu，weibaochiwuliaozaiganzaohongganjizhongdetingliushijianbubian，bixuzengjiaganzaohongganjizhongdechiliaoliang，youyuwuliaozhanxingjiaoda，ganzaohongganjizhongzengjiachiliaolianghou，rezhoujichuandongchilundefuhejiangdafuduzengjia，shebeiqiangdujidianjigonglvdounanyimanzuyaoqiu，jishugaizaogongzuoliangda，futongxinnengyuanshengchanxiaoshou顆粒機、木屑顆粒機、木屑氣流式烘幹機等生物質燃料成型、烘幹機械設備。
為wei穩wen妥tuo起qi見jian和he能neng最zui大da限xian度du地di提ti高gao幹gan燥zao烘hong幹gan機ji的de輸shu送song量liang，將jiang槳jiang葉ye幹gan燥zao烘hong幹gan機ji轉zhuan子zi由you傳chuan統tong的de楔xie形xing結jie構gou改gai為wei單dan斜xie邊bian螺luo旋xuan結jie構gou，取qu消xiao了le熱re軸zhou的de返fan料liao結jie構gou，減jian少shao了le物wu料liao間jian擠ji壓ya，提ti高gao了le物wu料liao的de流liu動dong性xing能neng。
2.2送料絞龍
根據設計計算，絞龍送料螺旋的直徑采用+400mm，螺距為200mm完全可滿足12t/h的輸送量。然而在實際應用中，絞龍進料口常常發生“架橋”現象，物料不能順暢加入絞龍，致使物料輸送量忽大忽小；當進料量大時，物料超穩焙燒後產品晶胞收縮較小；當進料量小時，轉爐處理能力低，又會造成物料過燒，產生燒結現象，從而破壞分子篩的結晶度。
解(jie)決(jue)絞(jiao)龍(long)加(jia)料(liao)不(bu)均(jun)問(wen)題(ti)可(ke)采(cai)用(yong)外(wai)加(jia)電(dian)磁(ci)振(zhen)蕩(dang)器(qi)的(de)方(fang)法(fa)，但(dan)由(you)於(yu)該(gai)物(wu)料(liao)濕(shi)含(han)量(liang)大(da)，容(rong)易(yi)粘(zhan)結(jie)，因(yin)此(ci)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)改(gai)造(zao)采(cai)用(yong)的(de)是(shi)增(zeng)加(jia)絞(jiao)龍(long)螺(luo)距(ju)的(de)方(fang)法(fa)。在(zai)設(she)備(bei)外(wai)形(xing)尺(chi)寸(cun)不(bu)變(bian)的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)，將(jiang)原(yuan)來(lai)200mm的絞龍螺距增至為400mm．相當於將絞龍下料口尺寸增加了一倍，技術改造後絞龍進口物料“架橋”現象得到了徹底解決。
2.3爐頭絞龍密封
生產中爐頭絞龍與焙燒爐間的密封，原設計采用了波紋管結構形式，如圖2所示。從圖2keyikanchu，gaijiegouyaoqiuzaishengchanguochengzhong，beishaolushoureshensuobixujunyunduichengbingyanzhouxiangzuoyongyubowenguan，ranerzhezhongyaoqiuzaishijishengchanzhongshibukenengzuodaode，yincilutoujiaolongjiqijishenyouyushoudaobeishaolupengzhangzuoyongdelierfashengweiyi，zhishishengchanzhongchangchangfashenglutoujiaolongduiluncuoweihejizuolalieshigu，yunxingzhongqudongdianjifuhezengjia，shaohuaidianjidexianxiangshiyoufasheng。
jiejuezhegewentideguanjianshizaifeijunyunlidefanfuzuoyongxia，lutoujiaolongyubeishaolujiyaoyoumifengxiaoguo，youyaonengjiejuebuchangwenti。jiyaoqiumifengjiezhichulejuyourouxingtexing，jiejuelutishensuowentiwai，haibixujuyouzhouxiangbuchanghejingxiangbuchangzuoyong。caiyongtianliaojiegoukejiejuelutiderebuchangwenti，dantianliaoweisuxingjiezhi，weicijishugaizaoshishejileyizhongcaiyongwaijiadanlifangshideteshumifengjiegouxingshi，kefulezaishiyongguochengzhongtianliaodesuxingbianxingwenti，congerbaozhenglelutoujiaolongzaibeishaolufanfushoureshensuodeqingkuangxia，gaijiegoujuyouhenhaodemifengzuoyong，dadaoleyuqidemifengxiaoguo，gaijiegouxingshidetianliaomifengjuyouzidongjingxiangtianliaobuchangjigou，keduiluzidewanqubianxingchanshengdejingxiangtiaodongjinxingzidongbuchang，qijiegoushiyirutu3所示。
2.4進料管線
xitongzhongjiangyeganzaohongganjijinliaoguanxianyijilutoujiaolongjinliaoguanxianjunweiqingxiexingshi，shengchanguochengzhonggaiguanxianjingchangfashengliutongbuchangjiwuliaoduguanqingkuang，weijiejueciwenti，jiangyuanshejideqingxieguangaiweichuizhiguan，xiaochulejinliaoguanzhongwuliaochanshengjileihuozusaixianxiang，baozhenglezhenggesongliaoxitongdejunyun、穩定，從而有助於改善分子篩濾餅的預幹燥效果及焙燒產品的質量。
3、改造後生產應用情況
改造後，於2000年10月正式投料生產以來，超穩焙燒係統設備事故停機從改造前的每班1—2h，最高日產量9t提高到目前的13t以yi上shang，生sheng產chan係xi統tong運yun行xing穩wen定ding，基ji本ben杜du絕jue了le停ting機ji事shi故gu的de頻pin繁fan發fa生sheng，係xi統tong穩wen定ding性xing和he生sheng產chan能neng力li大da大da提ti高gao，保bao證zheng了le濾lv餅bing交jiao換huan和he焙bei燒shao質zhi量liang，分fen子zi篩shai產chan品pin質zhi量liang有you了le很hen大da改gai善shan，市shi場chang競jing爭zheng能neng力li增zeng強qiang，僅jin技ji術shu改gai造zao後hou的de330天，設備產量增加帶來的直接經濟效益達540多萬元。槳葉幹燥烘幹機由於結構改進、效率提高，設備負荷大大降低，幹燥烘幹機電機的電流，由改造前的平均28A降為改造後的平均20A;爐lu頭tou絞jiao龍long與yu焙bei燒shao爐lu密mi封feng結jie構gou的de改gai進jin，一yi方fang麵mian使shi物wu料liao泄xie漏lou及ji粉fen塵chen夾jia帶dai大da大da降jiang低di，確que保bao了le爐lu子zi始shi終zhong處chu於yu負fu壓ya工gong作zuo，另ling一yi方fang麵mian又you解jie決jue了le焙bei燒shao爐lu伸shen縮suo對dui爐lu頭tou絞jiao龍long的de受shou力li問wen題ti，技ji術shu改gai造zao以yi來lai至zhi今jin尚shang未wei發fa生sheng爐lu頭tou絞jiao龍long停ting機ji事shi故gu；係統輸送螺旋的改進，大大減少了物料輸送過程中的堵塞情況。
4、結束語
通過對超穩焙燒係統各單一設備進行分析、核(he)算(suan)，提(ti)出(chu)了(le)解(jie)決(jue)該(gai)生(sheng)產(chan)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)存(cun)在(zai)問(wen)題(ti)的(de)係(xi)統(tong)性(xing)技(ji)術(shu)改(gai)造(zao)方(fang)案(an)。一(yi)年(nian)來(lai)的(de)工(gong)業(ye)應(ying)用(yong)表(biao)明(ming)，技(ji)改(gai)後(hou)生(sheng)產(chan)係(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)的(de)各(ge)項(xiang)性(xing)能(neng)均(jun)達(da)到(dao)了(le)預(yu)期(qi)的(de)目(mu)標(biao)，生(sheng)產(chan)能(neng)力(li)從(cong)技(ji)改(gai)前(qian)的(de)9t/d提高到13 t/d以上；設備事故停車技改前為每班1~ 2h，技改後基本杜絕了頻繁發生的設備事故停車現象；年增經濟效益近500萬元。
1、超穩焙燒係統
超穩焙燒係統的工藝流程如圖1所示。該超穩焙燒係統中的主要設備有槳葉幹燥烘幹機、lutoujinliaojiaolonghebeishaoludeng。qizhongjiangyeganzaohongganjidezuoyongshituochufenzishaidebufenshuifen，jianqingbeishaoxitongshuifenzhengfafuhe，shibeishaochulinenglidaweitigao，congergaishanlechanpindezhiliang；焙燒爐為轉爐結構，焙燒過程主要是使分子篩發生脫氨、脫鋁、脫羥基、矽遷移、結構重排等反應，並使部分Al-0 - Al骨架被Si-0一Si骨架取代，從而使晶胞收縮，矽鋁比提高，結構穩定性改善，此外還可使Na+由難於交換的位置遷移至易被交換的位置。
2、存在問題及改進
2.1槳葉幹燥烘幹機
jiangyeganzaohongganjidehexinbujianweirezhouzhuanzi，shejishiyinkaolvdaofenzishaishiliaodezhanxingjiaoda，danxinzaiganzaoguochengzhongfashengwuliaozhanbixianxiang，qirezhouzhuanzishejiweixiexingjiegou，yibianshiwuliaozaiganzaoguochengzhongjuyouyidingdefanliaotexing，ranerfenzishaiwuliaoweidanxingti，gaishebeizitouruyunxinghou，ganzaonenglishangyouyidingdefuyuliang，erwuliaodeshusongliangqueshizhongweinengdadaoshejizhi。
weiletigaojiangyeganzaohongganjidesongliaonengli，tongchangcaiyongzengjiaganzaohongganjideqingxiejiaoduyijitigaoganzaohongganjirezhouzhuansulaishixian。youyushouzhuangzhijianzhuwuxianzhi，bunengcaiyongzengjiashebeiqingjiaodefangfa。ruocaiyongtigaorezhouzhuansu，weibaochiwuliaozaiganzaohongganjizhongdetingliushijianbubian，bixuzengjiaganzaohongganjizhongdechiliaoliang，youyuwuliaozhanxingjiaoda，ganzaohongganjizhongzengjiachiliaolianghou，rezhoujichuandongchilundefuhejiangdafuduzengjia，shebeiqiangdujidianjigonglvdounanyimanzuyaoqiu，jishugaizaogongzuoliangda，futongxinnengyuanshengchanxiaoshou顆粒機、木屑顆粒機、木屑氣流式烘幹機等生物質燃料成型、烘幹機械設備。
為wei穩wen妥tuo起qi見jian和he能neng最zui大da限xian度du地di提ti高gao幹gan燥zao烘hong幹gan機ji的de輸shu送song量liang，將jiang槳jiang葉ye幹gan燥zao烘hong幹gan機ji轉zhuan子zi由you傳chuan統tong的de楔xie形xing結jie構gou改gai為wei單dan斜xie邊bian螺luo旋xuan結jie構gou，取qu消xiao了le熱re軸zhou的de返fan料liao結jie構gou，減jian少shao了le物wu料liao間jian擠ji壓ya，提ti高gao了le物wu料liao的de流liu動dong性xing能neng。
2.2送料絞龍
根據設計計算，絞龍送料螺旋的直徑采用+400mm，螺距為200mm完全可滿足12t/h的輸送量。然而在實際應用中，絞龍進料口常常發生“架橋”現象，物料不能順暢加入絞龍，致使物料輸送量忽大忽小；當進料量大時，物料超穩焙燒後產品晶胞收縮較小；當進料量小時，轉爐處理能力低，又會造成物料過燒，產生燒結現象，從而破壞分子篩的結晶度。
解(jie)決(jue)絞(jiao)龍(long)加(jia)料(liao)不(bu)均(jun)問(wen)題(ti)可(ke)采(cai)用(yong)外(wai)加(jia)電(dian)磁(ci)振(zhen)蕩(dang)器(qi)的(de)方(fang)法(fa)，但(dan)由(you)於(yu)該(gai)物(wu)料(liao)濕(shi)含(han)量(liang)大(da)，容(rong)易(yi)粘(zhan)結(jie)，因(yin)此(ci)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)改(gai)造(zao)采(cai)用(yong)的(de)是(shi)增(zeng)加(jia)絞(jiao)龍(long)螺(luo)距(ju)的(de)方(fang)法(fa)。在(zai)設(she)備(bei)外(wai)形(xing)尺(chi)寸(cun)不(bu)變(bian)的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)，將(jiang)原(yuan)來(lai)200mm的絞龍螺距增至為400mm．相當於將絞龍下料口尺寸增加了一倍，技術改造後絞龍進口物料“架橋”現象得到了徹底解決。
2.3爐頭絞龍密封
生產中爐頭絞龍與焙燒爐間的密封，原設計采用了波紋管結構形式，如圖2所示。從圖2keyikanchu，gaijiegouyaoqiuzaishengchanguochengzhong，beishaolushoureshensuobixujunyunduichengbingyanzhouxiangzuoyongyubowenguan，ranerzhezhongyaoqiuzaishijishengchanzhongshibukenengzuodaode，yincilutoujiaolongjiqijishenyouyushoudaobeishaolupengzhangzuoyongdelierfashengweiyi，zhishishengchanzhongchangchangfashenglutoujiaolongduiluncuoweihejizuolalieshigu，yunxingzhongqudongdianjifuhezengjia，shaohuaidianjidexianxiangshiyoufasheng。
jiejuezhegewentideguanjianshizaifeijunyunlidefanfuzuoyongxia，lutoujiaolongyubeishaolujiyaoyoumifengxiaoguo，youyaonengjiejuebuchangwenti。jiyaoqiumifengjiezhichulejuyourouxingtexing，jiejuelutishensuowentiwai，haibixujuyouzhouxiangbuchanghejingxiangbuchangzuoyong。caiyongtianliaojiegoukejiejuelutiderebuchangwenti，dantianliaoweisuxingjiezhi，weicijishugaizaoshishejileyizhongcaiyongwaijiadanlifangshideteshumifengjiegouxingshi，kefulezaishiyongguochengzhongtianliaodesuxingbianxingwenti，congerbaozhenglelutoujiaolongzaibeishaolufanfushoureshensuodeqingkuangxia，gaijiegoujuyouhenhaodemifengzuoyong，dadaoleyuqidemifengxiaoguo，gaijiegouxingshidetianliaomifengjuyouzidongjingxiangtianliaobuchangjigou，keduiluzidewanqubianxingchanshengdejingxiangtiaodongjinxingzidongbuchang，qijiegoushiyirutu3所示。
2.4進料管線
xitongzhongjiangyeganzaohongganjijinliaoguanxianyijilutoujiaolongjinliaoguanxianjunweiqingxiexingshi，shengchanguochengzhonggaiguanxianjingchangfashengliutongbuchangjiwuliaoduguanqingkuang，weijiejueciwenti，jiangyuanshejideqingxieguangaiweichuizhiguan，xiaochulejinliaoguanzhongwuliaochanshengjileihuozusaixianxiang，baozhenglezhenggesongliaoxitongdejunyun、穩定，從而有助於改善分子篩濾餅的預幹燥效果及焙燒產品的質量。
3、改造後生產應用情況
改造後，於2000年10月正式投料生產以來，超穩焙燒係統設備事故停機從改造前的每班1—2h，最高日產量9t提高到目前的13t以yi上shang，生sheng產chan係xi統tong運yun行xing穩wen定ding，基ji本ben杜du絕jue了le停ting機ji事shi故gu的de頻pin繁fan發fa生sheng，係xi統tong穩wen定ding性xing和he生sheng產chan能neng力li大da大da提ti高gao，保bao證zheng了le濾lv餅bing交jiao換huan和he焙bei燒shao質zhi量liang，分fen子zi篩shai產chan品pin質zhi量liang有you了le很hen大da改gai善shan，市shi場chang競jing爭zheng能neng力li增zeng強qiang，僅jin技ji術shu改gai造zao後hou的de330天，設備產量增加帶來的直接經濟效益達540多萬元。槳葉幹燥烘幹機由於結構改進、效率提高，設備負荷大大降低，幹燥烘幹機電機的電流，由改造前的平均28A降為改造後的平均20A;爐lu頭tou絞jiao龍long與yu焙bei燒shao爐lu密mi封feng結jie構gou的de改gai進jin，一yi方fang麵mian使shi物wu料liao泄xie漏lou及ji粉fen塵chen夾jia帶dai大da大da降jiang低di，確que保bao了le爐lu子zi始shi終zhong處chu於yu負fu壓ya工gong作zuo，另ling一yi方fang麵mian又you解jie決jue了le焙bei燒shao爐lu伸shen縮suo對dui爐lu頭tou絞jiao龍long的de受shou力li問wen題ti，技ji術shu改gai造zao以yi來lai至zhi今jin尚shang未wei發fa生sheng爐lu頭tou絞jiao龍long停ting機ji事shi故gu；係統輸送螺旋的改進，大大減少了物料輸送過程中的堵塞情況。
4、結束語
通過對超穩焙燒係統各單一設備進行分析、核(he)算(suan)，提(ti)出(chu)了(le)解(jie)決(jue)該(gai)生(sheng)產(chan)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)存(cun)在(zai)問(wen)題(ti)的(de)係(xi)統(tong)性(xing)技(ji)術(shu)改(gai)造(zao)方(fang)案(an)。一(yi)年(nian)來(lai)的(de)工(gong)業(ye)應(ying)用(yong)表(biao)明(ming)，技(ji)改(gai)後(hou)生(sheng)產(chan)係(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)的(de)各(ge)項(xiang)性(xing)能(neng)均(jun)達(da)到(dao)了(le)預(yu)期(qi)的(de)目(mu)標(biao)，生(sheng)產(chan)能(neng)力(li)從(cong)技(ji)改(gai)前(qian)的(de)9t/d提高到13 t/d以上；設備事故停車技改前為每班1~ 2h，技改後基本杜絕了頻繁發生的設備事故停車現象；年增經濟效益近500萬元。
