常規的帶式輸送機設計隻建議其在+17°~-17°的範圍內使用,當帶式輸送機的傾角<- 170時,則在設計過程中需要解決幾個主要技術問題。
1.1物料在運行過程中穩定性
輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)在(zai)向(xiang)下(xia)運(yun)行(xing)時(shi),物(wu)料(liao)的(de)重(zhong)力(li)也(ye)使(shi)其(qi)有(you)向(xiang)下(xia)滾(gun)動(dong)的(de)趨(qu)勢(shi),傾(qing)角(jiao)越(yue)大(da)物(wu)料(liao)的(de)穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)就(jiu)越(yue)差(cha),就(jiu)越(yue)容(rong)易(yi)產(chan)生(sheng)向(xiang)下(xia)的(de)滾(gun)動(dong)和(he)滑(hua)動(dong)。當(dang)輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)突(tu)然(ran)停(ting)車(che)時(shi),由(you)於(yu)物(wu)料(liao)慣(guan)性(xing)因(yin)素(su),它(ta)的(de)滾(gun)動(dong)趨(qu)勢(shi)就(jiu)更(geng)大(da)。如(ru)何(he)防(fang)止(zhi)物(wu)料(liao)在(zai)輸(shu)送(song)帶(dai)上(shang)滾(gun)動(dong)和(he)滑(hua)動(dong),此(ci)問(wen)題(ti)的(de)解(jie)決(jue)好(hao)壞(huai)將(jiang)直(zhi)接(jie)影(ying)響(xiang)著(zhe)礦(kuang)井(jing)的(de)安(an)全(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)。
1.2輸送機的運行工況改善
輸shu送song機ji的de功gong率lv隨sui著zhe輸shu送song煤mei量liang的de多duo少shao不bu斷duan的de變bian化hua,因yin此ci當dang輸shu送song量liang較jiao少shao時shi,輸shu送song機ji可ke能neng處chu在zai正zheng功gong電dian動dong狀zhuang態tai,而er當dang輸shu送song量liang較jiao多duo或huo滿man載zai時shi,輸shu送song機ji卻que又you可ke能neng處chu在zai負fu功gong發fa電dian狀zhuang態tai,在zai不bu同tong的de運yun行xing狀zhuang態tai必bi須xu采cai用yong相xiang應ying的de保bao護hu措cuo施shi以yi免mian發fa生sheng飛fei車che事shi故gu。
1.3輸送機啟動、製動加速度的控製
在輸送機的設計規範中規定,輸送機的啟動、製動加速度必須小於0.3m/s2。而下運輸送機有時會滿載停車,然後再滿載啟動。這時輸送機正處於負功發電狀態,因此就必須采用有效的保護裝置以避免在啟動、製動時出現飛車事故。
1.4輸送機在停車時產生飛帶現象
因yin煤mei礦kuang井jing下xia特te殊shu環huan境jing的de限xian製zhi,可ke能neng出chu現xian輸shu送song帶dai與yu滾gun筒tong之zhi間jian進jin水shui等deng現xian象xiang,導dao致zhi摩mo擦ca係xi數shu減jian小xiao,使shi得de在zai傳chuan動dong滾gun筒tong停ting止zhi轉zhuan動dong後hou而er輸shu送song帶dai仍reng然ran在zai不bu停ting地di向xiang下xia滑hua動dong,這zhe時shi同tong樣yang要yao有you可ke靠kao的de保bao護hu裝zhuang置zhi使shi其qi停ting止zhi滑hua動dong。
2、主要技術問題研究
2.1物料防滾滑裝置
防fang滾gun滑hua裝zhuang置zhi采cai用yong無wu動dong力li的de方fang式shi,即ji在zai輸shu送song機ji承cheng載zai物wu的de上shang表biao麵mian加jia隨sui動dong覆fu蓋gai帶dai,隨sui動dong覆fu蓋gai帶dai所suo需xu動dong力li不bu運yun輸shu物wu料liao時shi由you主zhu機ji輸shu送song帶dai與yu覆fu蓋gai帶dai間jian的de摩mo擦ca力li產chan生sheng,有you載zai時shi由you物wu料liao和he覆fu蓋gai帶dai間jian的de摩mo擦ca力li產chan生sheng.有(you)時(shi)是(shi)二(er)者(zhe)的(de)結(jie)合(he)。覆(fu)蓋(gai)帶(dai)與(yu)物(wu)料(liao)接(jie)觸(chu)的(de)帶(dai)麵(mian)壓(ya)輪(lun)為(wei)八(ba)字(zi)形(xing),通(tong)過(guo)杠(gang)杆(gan)原(yuan)理(li)壓(ya)緊(jin)物(wu)料(liao),為(wei)適(shi)應(ying)物(wu)料(liao)斷(duan)麵(mian)變(bian)化(hua)或(huo)有(you)大(da)塊(kuai)物(wu)料(liao)通(tong)過(guo),壓(ya)輪(lun)可(ke)上(shang)下(xia)前(qian)後(hou)浮(fu)動(dong)以(yi)便(bian)始(shi)終(zhong)壓(ya)緊(jin)輸(shu)送(song)帶(dai),當(dang)主(zhu)機(ji)輸(shu)送(song)帶(dai)與(yu)防(fang)滾(gun)滑(hua)輸(shu)送(song)帶(dai)間(jian)物(wu)料(liao)超(chao)載(zai)或(huo)有(you)大(da)塊(kuai)物(wu)料(liao)通(tong)過(guo),防(fang)滾(gun)滑(hua)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的(de)下(xia)托(tuo)輥(gun)被(bei)物(wu)料(liao)或(huo)大(da)塊(kuai)頂(ding)起(qi),帶(dai)動(dong)搖(yao)臂(bi)繞(rao)軸(zhou)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)一(yi)個(ge)角(jiao)度(du),使(shi)上(shang)帶(dai)壓(ya)緊(jin)。物(wu)料(liao)越(yue)多(duo),旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)角(jiao)度(du)越(yue)大(da),施(shi)加(jia)的(de)壓(ya)緊(jin)力(li)越(yue)大(da)。當(dang)輸(shu)送(song)帶(dai)上(shang)實(shi)際(ji)物(wu)料(liao)斷(duan)麵(mian)小(xiao)於(yu)標(biao)準(zhun)斷(duan)麵(mian)數(shu)值(zhi)的(de)70%,可ke不bu設she壓ya帶dai輪lun。實shi現xian了le在zai無wu驅qu動dong裝zhuang置zhi情qing況kuang下xia,防fang滑hua輸shu送song帶dai與yu主zhu機ji輸shu送song帶dai間jian無wu相xiang對dui滑hua移yi,兩liang帶dai實shi現xian了le同tong速su同tong步bu運yun行xing。該gai裝zhuang置zhi經jing現xian場chang安an裝zhuang使shi用yong效xiao果guo很hen好hao,是shi一yi種zhong防fang止zhi物wu料liao滾gun動dong和he滑hua動dong的de安an全quan、可靠、簡便的新裝置。能在-25°情況下使物料實現穩定安全運輸,並可有條件地達到-30°情況下的運輸。
2.2飛帶捕捉裝置
在煤礦井下,下運帶式輸送機實際運行中,當驅動滾筒已經製動時,由於工作麵環境惡劣、空(kong)氣(qi)濕(shi)度(du)大(da)等(deng)原(yuan)因(yin),容(rong)易(yi)產(chan)生(sheng)飛(fei)帶(dai)現(xian)象(xiang),從(cong)而(er)產(chan)生(sheng)巷(xiang)道(dao)堵(du)塞(sai),損(sun)壞(huai)機(ji)件(jian),影(ying)響(xiang)工(gong)作(zuo)麵(mian)的(de)正(zheng)常(chang)生(sheng)產(chan)。在(zai)下(xia)運(yun)帶(dai)式(shi)輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)中(zhong),雖(sui)然(ran)解(jie)決(jue)了(le)製(zhi)動(dong)問(wen)題(ti),但(dan)如(ru)果(guo)飛(fei)帶(dai)現(xian)象(xiang)得(de)不(bu)到(dao)控(kong)製(zhi),還(hai)是(shi)存(cun)在(zai)事(shi)故(gu)隱(yin)患(huan)。
飛帶捕捉裝置是用來輔助製動器,保證輸送機製動停機,其工作原理是:當(dang)速(su)度(du)檢(jian)測(ce)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)發(fa)出(chu)輸(shu)送(song)帶(dai)打(da)滑(hua)信(xin)號(hao),控(kong)製(zhi)係(xi)統(tong)發(fa)出(chu)停(ting)機(ji)指(zhi)令(ling),本(ben)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)亦(yi)投(tou)人(ren)工(gong)作(zuo),使(shi)輸(shu)送(song)帶(dai)按(an)預(yu)定(ding)減(jian)速(su)度(du)平(ping)穩(wen)減(jian)速(su)直(zhi)至(zhi)停(ting)止(zhi)滑(hua)行(xing)。具(ju)體(ti)結(jie)構(gou)主(zhu)要(yao)由(you)飛(fei)帶(dai)捕(bu)捉(zhuo)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)和(he)重(zhong)錘(chui)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)組(zu)成(cheng)。飛(fei)帶(dai)捕(bu)捉(zhuo)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)是(shi)由(you)一(yi)對(dui)夾(jia)板(ban)、彈簧、液(ye)壓(ya)缸(gang)構(gou)成(cheng),輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)正(zheng)常(chang)運(yun)行(xing)時(shi),夾(jia)板(ban)被(bei)液(ye)壓(ya)缸(gang)充(chong)壓(ya)頂(ding)開(kai)並(bing)壓(ya)縮(suo)捕(bu)捉(zhuo)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)中(zhong)的(de)彈(dan)簧(huang),輸(shu)送(song)帶(dai)在(zai)夾(jia)板(ban)中(zhong)可(ke)以(yi)自(zi)由(you)地(di)通(tong)過(guo)。當(dang)飛(fei)帶(dai)捕(bu)捉(zhuo)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)投(tou)入(ru)工(gong)作(zuo)時(shi),液(ye)壓(ya)缸(gang)中(zhong)的(de)壓(ya)力(li)油(you)釋(shi)放(fang),夾(jia)板(ban)被(bei)碟(die)形(xing)彈(dan)簧(huang)控(kong)製(zhi)並(bing)產(chan)生(sheng)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)壓(ya)力(li)夾(jia)住(zhu)輸(shu)送(song)帶(dai),輸(shu)送(song)帶(dai)首(shou)先(xian)產(chan)生(sheng)彈(dan)性(xing)變(bian)形(xing),消(xiao)耗(hao)掉(diao)一(yi)部(bu)分(fen)能(neng)量(liang)後(hou),裝(zhuang)有(you)捕(bu)捉(zhuo)器(qi)的(de)滑(hua)行(xing)小(xiao)車(che)在(zai)較(jiao)短(duan)的(de)時(shi)間(jian)內(nei),速(su)度(du)由(you)零(ling)達(da)到(dao)與(yu)輸(shu)送(song)帶(dai)等(deng)速(su)運(yun)行(xing),沿(yan)導(dao)軌(gui)隨(sui)輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)一(yi)起(qi)滑(hua)行(xing)並(bing)拉(la)起(qi)重(zhong)錘(chui)。重(zhong)錘(chui)耗(hao)能(neng)分(fen)三(san)級(ji)施(shi)加(jia),以(yi)減(jian)小(xiao)對(dui)輸(shu)送(song)帶(dai)的(de)衝(chong)擊(ji)。重(zhong)錘(chui)在(zai)該(gai)階(jie)段(duan)耗(hao)盡(jin)輸(shu)送(song)帶(dai)的(de)全(quan)部(bu)能(neng)量(liang)。導(dao)軌(gui)的(de)終(zhong)端(duan)還(hai)設(she)有(you)緩(huan)衝(chong)裝(zhuang)置(zhi),當(dang)飛(fei)帶(dai)捕(bu)捉(zhuo)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)到(dao)達(da)導(dao)軌(gui)的(de)終(zhong)端(duan)時(shi)就(jiu)被(bei)緩(huan)慢(man)地(di)停(ting)止(zhi)住(zhu),從(cong)而(er)避(bi)免(mian)了(le)飛(fei)帶(dai)事(shi)故(gu)的(de)發(fa)生(sheng)。當(dang)飛(fei)帶(dai)捕(bu)捉(zhuo)結(jie)束(shu),液(ye)壓(ya)缸(gang)活(huo)塞(sai)拉(la)起(qi)壓(ya)縮(suo)蝶(die)形(xing)彈(dan)簧(huang),上(shang)、xiayabankaiqi,cishihuaxingxiaochezaizhongchuidezuoyongxiafanhuiyuanshiweizhi,wanchengyigegongzuoxunhuan。shejizhongyingzhuyidewentishijiajinheliyaodayuxitongdezongheli,yeyagangdedingyaliyaodayudiexingdanhuangdejixianbianxingli。
2.3運行工況改善
一yi般ban來lai說shuo,帶dai式shi輸shu送song機ji的de運yun行xing阻zu力li越yue小xiao,其qi經jing濟ji性xing越yue好hao,而er對dui下xia運yun輸shu送song機ji來lai說shuo,由you於yu物wu料liao的de下xia滑hua力li的de作zuo用yong,在zai運yun行xing過guo程cheng中zhong電dian動dong機ji是shi處chu於yu負fu功gong發fa電dian狀zhuang態tai的de。當dang輸shu送song機ji使shi電dian動dong機ji達da到dao同tong步bu轉zhuan速su時shi,電dian動dong機ji的de輸shu出chu功gong率lv等deng於yu零ling。由you於yu被bei輸shu送song物wu料liao仍reng在zai連lian續xu不bu斷duan地di做zuo功gong,電dian動dong機ji的de轉zhuan速su將jiang繼ji續xu不bu斷duan地di增zeng大da。當dang電dian動dong機ji超chao過guo其qi同tong步bu轉zhuan速su時shi,根gen據ju電dian動dong機ji的de特te性xing曲qu線xian,電dian動dong機ji這zhe時shi就jiu要yao輸shu出chu製zhi動dong力li矩ju,這zhe時shi輸shu送song機ji並bing不bu需xu要yao電dian動dong機ji的de拖tuo動dong,理li論lun上shang講jiang電dian動dong機ji還hai可ke以yi向xiang電dian網wang反fan饋kui發fa電dian,對dui大da傾qing角jiao下xia運yun輸shu送song機ji,電dian動dong機ji的de選xuan取qu是shi以yi發fa電dian狀zhuang態tai的de功gong率lv為wei依yi據ju。而er當dang輸shu送song機ji處chu在zai空kong載zai或huo少shao半ban載zai時shi,卻que又you需xu要yao電dian動dong機ji的de動dong力li進jin行xing拖tuo動dong。這zhe樣yang,電dian動dong機ji經jing常chang處chu於yu電dian動dong一yi發fa電dian狀zhuang態tai之zhi間jian運yun行xing。同tong時shi,輸shu送song機ji的de速su度du變bian得de不bu易yi控kong製zhi,就jiu容rong易yi發fa生sheng飛fei車che事shi故gu。
yugaibianyunxinggongkuangjiubixushidangzengjiayunxingguochengzhongdezuli,shishusongjizaibijiaowendingdezhuangtaixiayunxing,zuiyouxiaodetujingjiushicaiyongzunituogun。xuanzehelideyunxingzulixishujishidangdeyunxingzuli,duisuoxiaodiandongjidegonglv,chongfenfahuidiandongjizaizheng、負fu象xiang限xian額e定ding轉zhuan矩ju相xiang等deng的de特te性xing,簡jian化hua驅qu動dong方fang式shi,提ti高gao安an全quan可ke靠kao性xing,都dou具ju有you十shi分fen重zhong要yao的de意yi義yi。目mu前qian,阻zu尼ni托tuo輥gun多duo種zhong多duo樣yang,但dan總zong的de來lai講jiang可ke分fen為wei滑hua板ban式shi阻zu尼ni托tuo輥gun;端麵摩擦式阻尼托輥;液力式阻尼托輥。從使用效果來看,滑板式阻尼托輥結構簡單、經濟實用、阻(zu)尼(ni)效(xiao)果(guo)好(hao),缺(que)點(dian)是(shi)對(dui)輸(shu)送(song)帶(dai)的(de)磨(mo)損(sun)比(bi)較(jiao)嚴(yan)重(zhong)。端(duan)麵(mian)摩(mo)擦(ca)式(shi)阻(zu)尼(ni)托(tuo)輥(gun)阻(zu)尼(ni)效(xiao)果(guo)好(hao),但(dan)壽(shou)命(ming)較(jiao)低(di)。液(ye)力(li)式(shi)阻(zu)尼(ni)托(tuo)輥(gun)阻(zu)尼(ni)效(xiao)果(guo)稍(shao)差(cha),但(dan)壽(shou)命(ming)長(chang),如(ru)能(neng)解(jie)決(jue)好(hao)油(you)脂(zhi)密(mi)封(feng)問(wen)題(ti),是(shi)很(hen)有(you)發(fa)展(zhan)前(qian)途(tu)的(de)。
2.4刺動係統
製動係統由液力製動器、盤式製動器和液壓站3個部分組成,以實現軟、硬兩級製動,達到限速製動和安全製動的目的。
(1)製動係統的工作原理
聯接在電機和減速器高速軸上的液力製動器,工作介質與盤式製動器采用同一油液。它具有注油則合(投入製動)、無油則分(退出製動)的特點。其“投入”與“退出”zhidongxunsu,zhidongpingwen。dangshusongjichuzaizhidonggongkuangshi,yeyaxitongxiangzhidongqineigongzuoqiangchongye,bingzaichukouyoulushangyongtiaoyafatiaodingbeiya,shineigongzuoqiangyouyidingdechongmandu,youyuyelizhidongqianzhuangzaijiansuqidegaosuzhoushang,tongguojiansuqidezuoyong,duichuandongguntongchanshenghendadezhidongliju。shusongjidedongnengzaizhidongqizhongluxuzhuanbianweireneng,reliangyougongzuoyetidaizou,jikeshixianchixudeyelizhidong。zhidonglijushangkegenjudaishishusongjizaiheqingkuang,tongguokongzhixitongzidongtiaojiebutongdebeiya,jidedaobutongdechongmandu,huodetaishidezhidongliju,shishusongjipingwenjiansu。dangsudujiangzhiedingzhuansude1/3肘,再由設在傳動滾筒的盤式製動器對滾筒的閘盤施行製動停機,保證了設備安全可靠製動。
(2)液壓站
液壓站主要功能是向該機的液力製動器、盤閘製動器、飛帶捕捉裝置提供壓力源和工作介質。由2個可容納2mx0.8m工作液體的連通油箱構成,在2個油箱的上蓋板上,分別設置有高壓及低壓係統。高壓油由2台葉片泵交替工作產生,其中l台為備用油泵,高壓油路中設有隔爆電接點壓力表,使高壓油路始終處在規定的壓力範圍內。油路中還設有2台(tai)蓄(xu)能(neng)器(qi)以(yi)利(li)於(yu)係(xi)統(tong)的(de)保(bao)壓(ya),係(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)的(de)電(dian)磁(ci)閥(fa)均(jun)為(wei)隔(ge)爆(bao)型(xing),符(fu)合(he)煤(mei)礦(kuang)安(an)全(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)要(yao)求(qiu)。低(di)壓(ya)係(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)也(ye)設(she)有(you)一(yi)台(tai)備(bei)用(yong)齒(chi)輪(lun)泵(beng),該(gai)油(you)泵(beng)在(zai)輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)未(wei)轉(zhuan)動(dong)起(qi)來(lai)時(shi)向(xiang)低(di)壓(ya)油(you)路(lu)中(zhong)供(gong)油(you),或(huo)當(dang)低(di)壓(ya)係(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)出(chu)現(xian)欠(qian)壓(ya)信(xin)號(hao)時(shi)向(xiang)油(you)路(lu)中(zhong)補(bu)壓(ya)。欠(qian)壓(ya)信(xin)號(hao)由(you)隔(ge)爆(bao)電(dian)接(jie)點(dian)壓(ya)力(li)表(biao)發(fa)出(chu),該(gai)表(biao)用(yong)於(yu)係(xi)統(tong)的(de)低(di)壓(ya)保(bao)護(hu)。
(3)電控係統
電控係統是帶式輸送機的重要組成部分,其工作的可靠性將直接影響帶式輸送機正常運行。電控係統的主要部件是工業PLC可編程序控製器。可編程序控製器與各種傳感元件、執行元件構成閉環控製係統,由於其優良的性能和很高的可靠性以及充裕的輸出、輸入接口,使眾多的保護裝置和執行元件擺脫以往由繼電器為主的控製係統,簡化了控製係統。在設計中共設有12種安全保護裝置,同時還留有備用接口供隨時增加執行元件和保護。
3、輸送機運行工況分析
3.1空載及重栽啟動工況(電動或發電狀態)
空載和重載啟動雖為2個不同的工作狀態,但在實際工作中這2種工況是不易區分的。因此,在每次啟動時均要進行帶載狀態的判斷。具體方法:rangyelizhidongqijinrujiaoxiaozhidonglijuzhuangtai,ranhoupanshizhidongqisongkaichuandongguntongdezhidongpan,sudujijiasudujiancezhuangzhijinrujiankongzhuangtai,genjushusongjideshijiqidongjiasudutourenxiangyingdezhidongliju,jiangshusongjideqidongjiasudukongzhizai0.1~0.25m/S2之(zhi)間(jian)。當(dang)輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)在(zai)一(yi)定(ding)時(shi)間(jian)內(nei)達(da)到(dao)額(e)定(ding)帶(dai)速(su),則(ze)電(dian)控(kong)係(xi)統(tong)確(que)認(ren)此(ci)時(shi)為(wei)重(zhong)載(zai)啟(qi)動(dong)或(huo)發(fa)電(dian)工(gong)況(kuang),此(ci)時(shi)電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)進(jin)入(ru)帶(dai)電(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai),同(tong)時(shi)液(ye)力(li)製(zhi)動(dong)器(qi)退(tui)出(chu)製(zhi)動(dong)工(gong)況(kuang),隨(sui)後(hou)輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)進(jin)入(ru)正(zheng)常(chang)運(yun)行(xing)工(gong)況(kuang)。若(ruo)經(jing)過(guo)一(yi)段(duan)時(shi)間(jian)的(de)延(yan)時(shi)後(hou),輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)的(de)速(su)度(du)始(shi)終(zhong)低(di)於(yu)1/3額定帶速,此狀態被確認為空載或電動工況,電動機將帶電拖動輸送機運轉,達到額定帶速後輸送機進入正常運行工況。
3.2正常運行工況(發電工況)
當(dang)輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)達(da)到(dao)額(e)定(ding)速(su)度(du)以(yi)後(hou),液(ye)力(li)製(zhi)動(dong)係(xi)統(tong)全(quan)部(bu)退(tui)出(chu)工(gong)作(zuo)狀(zhuang)態(tai),速(su)度(du)及(ji)加(jia)速(su)度(du)檢(jian)測(ce)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)進(jin)入(ru)工(gong)作(zuo)狀(zhuang)態(tai),經(jing)延(yan)時(shi)一(yi)段(duan)時(shi)間(jian)後(hou),各(ge)給(gei)煤(mei)點(dian)開(kai)始(shi)給(gei)煤(mei),電(dian)控(kong)自(zi)動(dong)進(jin)入(ru)閉(bi)環(huan)控(kong)製(zhi)係(xi)統(tong),輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)進(jin)入(ru)正(zheng)常(chang)運(yun)煤(mei)工(gong)作(zuo)。
3.3超速製動工況(發電工況)
在輸送機進入正常運煤工作以後,因煤礦井下使用條件限製,運t及ji運yun輸shu阻zu力li經jing常chang處chu在zai變bian化hua之zhi中zhong,很hen容rong易yi出chu現xian輸shu送song機ji產chan生sheng較jiao大da負fu功gong的de可ke能neng。這zhe時shi輸shu送song機ji主zhu要yao表biao現xian為wei以yi一yi定ding的de加jia速su度du快kuai速su運yun行xing,若ruo任ren其qi發fa展zhan將jiang會hui發fa生sheng嚴yan重zhong的de飛fei車che事shi故gu。為wei此ci,在zai本ben工gong況kuang中zhong設she計ji了le一yi級ji超chao速su製zhi動dong、二級超速製動和三級超速製動的3種工作狀態。
3.4正常空載停車(電動工況)
dangshusongjijiangshusongdaishangdewuliaoyunwantingcheshi,jiangjixuyunxingyiduanshijianhouzaitingji。yinkongzaishiweidiandonggongkuang,gubuxuyaojiaruruanzhidongbaohu。zaishusongjidedaisujiangdaoedingdaisude1/3時,盤式製動器投入製動,輸送機停止運行。
3.5正常重栽停豐或事故停車(發電工況)
dangshusongjizhengchuzaiedingzaihezhuangtaiyunxingzhong,huoshiyouyujingxiafashengleturanxingshiguxuyaolinshitingcheshi,yinzheshikenengzhengchuzaizuidafadianzhuangtaizhixia,dangshusongjidedaotingchexinhaohou,gegeimeidianjuntingzhigeimei。yelizhidongqishouxiantourenzhidongzhuangtai,binggenjujiangzhidongjiasudukongzhizai-0.1~-0.25m/s2的條件,在閉環控製狀態下,采用相應的製動力矩。待液力製動器投入3~4a後電動機斷電退出工作,當輸送機帶速降至額定帶速的1/3時(shi),盤(pan)式(shi)製(zhi)動(dong)器(qi)投(tou)入(ru)最(zui)後(hou)的(de)製(zhi)動(dong)工(gong)作(zuo),將(jiang)輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)製(zhi)動(dong)停(ting)止(zhi)。電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)延(yan)時(shi)退(tui)出(chu)工(gong)作(zuo)狀(zhuang)態(tai)是(shi)為(wei)了(le)解(jie)決(jue)液(ye)力(li)製(zhi)動(dong)滯(zhi)後(hou)的(de)問(wen)題(ti),這(zhe)樣(yang)就(jiu)可(ke)以(yi)防(fang)止(zhi)在(zai)液(ye)力(li)製(zhi)動(dong)器(qi)還(hai)未(wei)達(da)到(dao)最(zui)大(da)製(zhi)動(dong)力(li)矩(ju)時(shi)出(chu)現(xian)飛(fei)車(che)事(shi)故(gu)。
3.6重載失電停機(發電工況)
當輸送機滿載啟動或製動時,液力製動係統將首先投入工作並隨時檢測輸送機的啟、製動加速度.使輸送機的啟、製(zhi)動(dong)狀(zhuang)態(tai)始(shi)終(zhong)處(chu)在(zai)設(she)計(ji)範(fan)圍(wei)之(zhi)內(nei),而(er)當(dang)輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)達(da)到(dao)額(e)定(ding)帶(dai)速(su)不(bu)需(xu)要(yao)製(zhi)動(dong)保(bao)護(hu)時(shi),渡(du)力(li)製(zhi)動(dong)器(qi)又(you)可(ke)以(yi)迅(xun)速(su)地(di)退(tui)出(chu)製(zhi)動(dong)狀(zhuang)態(tai),製(zhi)動(dong)器(qi)的(de)投(tou)入(ru)及(ji)退(tui)出(chu)不(bu)會(hui)給(gei)輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)的(de)運(yun)行(xing)帶(dai)來(lai)任(ren)何(he)的(de)衝(chong)擊(ji)。當(dang)輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)出(chu)現(xian)超(chao)速(su)運(yun)行(xing)時(shi),液(ye)力(li)製(zhi)動(dong)係(xi)統(tong)還(hai)可(ke)以(yi)將(jiang)超(chao)速(su)的(de)輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)拉(la)回(hui)到(dao)正(zheng)常(chang)運(yun)行(xing)狀(zhuang)態(tai)。而(er)當(dang)輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)遇(yu)到(dao)采(cai)區(qu)突(tu)然(ran)停(ting)電(dian)時(shi),輸(shu)送(song)機(ji)仍(reng)然(ran)可(ke)以(yi)依(yi)靠(kao)液(ye)力(li)製(zhi)動(dong)係(xi)統(tong)的(de)固(gu)定(ding)延(yan)時(shi)程(cheng)序(xu)實(shi)現(xian)安(an)全(quan)停(ting)車(che)。
4、結語
通過對大傾角下運帶式輸送機各工況的設計分析得知,液力製動係統可以從根本上解決大傾角下運帶式輸送機的啟動、運行、製動問題;飛帶捕捉裝置可以完全杜絕飛帶事故的發生;物料防滾滑裝置能有效地解決物料的滾動問題;阻尼托輥的應用使大傾角下運帶式輸送機的運行工況得到改善,且有安全保障。目前,該項設計應用於邯鄲礦務局雲駕嶺煤礦、新波礦務局翟鎮煤礦、棗莊礦務局柴裏煤礦、重慶天府礦務局三彙一礦、鐵法礦務局三台子煤礦的下運帶式輸送機中,今後必將在我國煤炭生產中得到越來越廣泛地應用。



